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China and India Internal Security Agreement

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A new evolving feature of the Sino-India relationship was visible in the form of the two sides signing an Internal security agreement in 2018 (as an important de-escalatory measure post-Doklam crisis). The agreement is a source of cooperation between the two states despite elements of constraints that rang from Pakistan, Masood Azhar, border dispute (Samar Lungpa, Trig Heights, Depsang Bulge, Kongka L Pangong Tso. Spanggur Gap, Mount Sajun, Dumchele, Demchok, Chumur in eastern Ladakh, and Namka Chu, Sumdurung Chu Yangstze, Asaphilla, Long Ju. Dichu in Arunachal Pradesh, and Kaurik, Shipki La Barahoti, and Pulan Sunda in the central sector are the twenty places where the border overlaps) and opposition of China to Indian membership of NSG.  Even though India has tried megaphone diplomacy to resolve the irritants, it has not yielded any result as the Chinese position remains rigid on this issue These constraints exist despite India and China cooperating in SCO, BRIC, AIIB, and Confer...
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Why China Supported Pakistan on Masood Azhar?

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Why China Supported Pakistan on Azhar? Firstly, China has invested billions of dollars in China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. the ISI has resorted to a strategy where around 30 to 40 percent of the ground workers working on Chinese infrastructure projects in CPEC in Pakistan belong to JeM, LeT, and Hizbut Tahrir.  Through this, ISI has ensured that China does not take any hostile step (like the Azhar issue) against Pakistan. If China did any such thing which was hostile to Pakistan, the ISI could use their assets in CPEC to create mayhem against China and their infrastructure projects in Pakistan, thereby undermining the brightest jewel of Xi, the BRI. By establishing a good relation with ISI and its proxy JeM, China is able to get insurance from Pakistan that these groups will not target Chinese infrastructure in Pakistan. Secondly, because of Chinese suppression and control of Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang province, there is widespread resentment against China in the Muslim world, and...
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